4/20/2023 0 Comments F stop cheat sheetThe aperture is the opening in the lens that lets light in. Next on our cheat sheet is the aperture, the second element of the exposure triangle. If you’ve ever seen a photo of a hummingbird frozen in mid-air, or a drop of water falling to the ground, they were taken using fast shutter speed. Additionally, slow shutter speed is useful when photographing landscapes, the night sky, and low-light environments.įast shutter speed has the opposite effect. For example, the effect is commonly found on photos of cars. Dramatic effects such as motion and frozen imagesĪ long shutter speed creates a motion blur effect for any moving subjects. Shutter speed affects two aspects of your photo: In simpler terms, it’s the length of time used to take a photo. The longer it’s open, the more light is exposed to the sensor. Shutter speed is the length of time that the camera’s shutter stays open. Let’s take a closer look at each element in the exposure triangle in this cheat sheet: Shutter Speed: How Long it Takes to Capture an Imageįirst, let’s take a look at a cheat sheet for shutter speed, the first element of the exposure triangle. They make up what’s called the exposure triangle. Most cheat sheets will tell you exposure is determined by three settings: The amount of light that reaches the camera’s image sensor is known as exposure. Regardless of photography type, all cameras work in the same basic way: They record incoming light to capture an image. How does a DSLR camera capture an image?Ĭameras are either film or digital. String formatting can be simple and it can be complex.For the first item on our photography cheat sheet article, let’s start with the cheat sheet basics. When a self-documenting expression is used, an empty conversion field uses !r. These conversion field and self-documenting syntaxes are supported by all objects: Self-DocĪn empty conversion field is synonymous with !s, unless a self-documenting expression is used. The below modifiers are special syntaxes which are supported by all object types.įor clarity, I've added some format specifications below to show how to mix and match these syntaxes with the : syntax above. These format specifications work on strings ( str) and most other types (any type that doesn't specify its own custom format specifications): Fill CharĪll the above options were about the format specifications (the part after a : within a format string replacement field).įormat specifications are object-specific ( str, int, float, datetime all support a different syntax). These format specifications work only on integers ( int): AltĪn empty type is synonymous with d for integers. There's also g, G, e, E, n, and F types for floating point numbers and c, o, and n types for integers which I haven't shown but which are documented in the format specification mini-language documentation. These string formatting techniques work an all numbers (both int and float): Fill Here's a summary of the various options within the format specification field for generic number formatting. In addition to the below examples checkout the site fstring.help for another example-based quick reference. You can use the below tables as cheat sheets to help you during your string formatting adventures. □ Cheat sheetsĮxamples are great, but it's hard to hold many examples in your head at once. It sounded pretty good to me, so I'm using it as if it's an official term. I've been calling it a self-documenting expression but that term is only used a single time in the documentation within a header. The = syntax also doesn't seem to have an official name. You can see some examples in What's new in Python 3.8, but the only other mention of = is in the Lexical Analysis page, which is a very dense page (with few code examples) that describes Python's syntax at a very low level. Python's various format specifiers are documented in an odd and very dense format specification mini-language section within the string module documentation (the string module, not the str class).īut using = to make a self-documenting expression isn't mentioned anywhere on that page. Unfortunately this isn't very well documented. name = "Trey" > print ( f " " ) sum(costs) = 3.80
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